HMC CLI zamena za Java konzolu

August 11th, 2010
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Java konzola na hmc web gui-u ume da smara na različitim browser-ima, pogotovu ukoliko isti koristiti na linux operativnom sistemu. Da se ne bi smarali sa različitim verzijama jave svaki put kad reinstralirate ili updejtujete vašu mašinu, konzolu pored jave i serijskog možete dobiti i preko ssh. p.s. da bi izašli iz konzole otkucajte ~. (sa tačkom).

Evo kako:

stinger@noc:~$ ssh hmc7 -l hscroot
Password: ****************
Last login: Wed Aug 11 08:51:01 2010 from noc.delta

hscroot@hmc570:~> lshmc -V
"version= Version: 7
 Release: 3.3.0
 Service Pack: 0
HMC Build level 20080402.1
","base_version=V7R3.3.0

hscroot@hmc7:~> vtmenu
 ----------------------------------------------------------
  Managed Systems:
 ----------------------------------------------------------
   1) Server-2-SN65xxxxx
   2) Server-1-SN64xxxxx
   3) Server-0-SN63xxxxx
 Enter Number of Managed System.   (q to quit):
 ----------------------------------------------------------
  Partitions On Managed System:  Server-2-SN65xxxxx
  OS/400 Partitions not listed
 ----------------------------------------------------------
   1)    SRV-TEST                             Running
   2)    VIOS1                                Running
   3)    VIOS2                                Running
 Enter Number of Running Partition (q to quit):

Enter Number of Running Partition (q to quit): 1
1
 Opening Virtual Terminal On Partition SRV-TEST . . .
 Open in progress  
 Open Completed.  

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 1 = SMS Menu                          5 = Default Boot List
 8 = Open Firmware Prompt              6 = Stored Boot List

 Memory      Keyboard     Network     SCSI     Speaker
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/
Elapsed time since release of system processors: 221583 mins 46 secs

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Welcome to AIX.
 boot image timestamp: 11:07 03/23
 The current time and date: 11:18:27 08/11/2010
 number of processors: 2    size of memory: 1024MB
 boot device: /vdevice/v-scsi@50000005/disk@8800000000000000:2
 kernel size: 15083547; 64 bit kernel
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Saving Base Customize Data to boot disk
Starting the sync daemon
Starting the error daemon
System initialization completed.
Setting tunable parameters...complete
Starting Multi-user Initialization
 Performing auto-varyon of Volume Groups
 Activating all paging spaces
swapon: Paging device /dev/hd6 is already active.

The current volume is: /dev/hd1
Primary superblock is valid.

The current volume is: /dev/hd10opt
Primary superblock is valid.
 Performing all automatic mounts
Multi-user initialization completed
Checking for srcmstr active...complete
Starting tcpip daemons:
0513-059 The syslogd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 90346.
Finished starting tcpip daemons.
nsmb0 Available
0513-059 The muxatmd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 217196.

AIX Version 5
Copyright IBM Corporation, 1982, 2008.
Console login:

Luka Gerzic AIX, IBM P Serija , , ,

IBM HMC monitoring

April 29th, 2010
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Kako prikazati informacije o korišćenju resursa na IBM HMC, u realnom vremenu bez priviledge mode-a (hscroot nije priv mod) i iz shella:

hscroot@hmc570:~> monhmc -r disk -n 1
Every 1.0s: MONHmc disk                    Thu Apr 29 11:22:30 2010
Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2             16121184   5622940   9679332  37% /
udev                    517296       160    517136   1% /dev
/dev/sda3              6040320   3323792   2409688  58% /var
/dev/sda7              8056524    134196   7513076   2% /dump
/dev/sda8             38669964    153900  36551720   1% /extra

Ostale opcije ove komande:

Monitor HMC memory, processor, and disk usage. The -s and -r flags are mutually exclusive.

 -s    The type of subsystems to monitor. Options are:
       hmcsvr: HMC server subsystems.
       rmc: RMC subsystems.
 -r    The type of resource to monitor. Options are:
       disk: Disk usage.
       proc: Processor usage.
       mem: System Memory usage.
       swap: Swap space usage.
 -n    The interval in seconds, default is 4.
       If 0 is specfied, the output will be displayed once.
 --help    Prints this help message.

Zgodna komanda koja vam omogućuje da oslobodite prostor na disku je:

hscroot@hmc570:~> chhmcfs --help
Usage: chhmcfs -o f
 -d <days> | -h <hours> | -s <size>
 [-f <file system>]
 [--help]

Frees up space in Hardware Management Console (HMC) file systems by removing
temporary HMC files from the hard disk.

 -o               - the operation to perform:
                    f - free up file system disk space
 -d <days>        - remove files which have not been modified during the
                    specified number of days prior to now
 -h <hours>       - remove files which have not been modified during the
                    specified number of hours prior to now
 -s <size>        - remove files, starting with the oldest file, from each
                    file system to free up to the amount of space specified,
                    in megabytes, in each file system
 -f <file system> - the file system from which to remove files
 --help           - prints this help

Luka Gerzic AIX, IBM P Serija , ,

pSeries – Impending Cache Battery Pack failure

March 18th, 2010
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This is how your pSeries (P5 570) will look like after you get following error notice: “Impending Cache Battery Pack failure.” It is a raid controller battery error. Since it’s located in the middle of the pSeries block, you will end up like we did. Also plan arround 3 to 4h downtime aswell. A bad design by IBM, and lot of “fun” for us. Check out gallery.

Luka Gerzic IBM P Serija , , ,

Our connected world …

January 12th, 2010
1 comment

Luka Gerzic Razno

Nostalgija

November 11th, 2009
4 comments

Nešto sam u tom raspoloženju ovih dana. To me je i nateralo da napišem ovaj blog. Posmatram okolo kako se neke stvari rade i ne sviđa mi se. Mislim tu pre svega na činjenicu da se danas svako naziva sistem administratorom. Sad svako može da kaže da zna da instalira Linux operativni sistem, i on je odmah sistem admin. To me podseća na davno prošlo vreme kada je ista situacija bila sa Winblows-om i ljudima koji su za sebe govorili da su administratori samo zato što su znali da instaliraju Winblows NT. Tome je naravno mnogo doprinela popularizacija Linux-a, i drastično pojednostavljeni procesi instalacije, manipulacije paketima, daleko većim brojem developer-a koji prave raznorazne GUI-e itd. Lepo je sve to, što neko sada zna da uz nekoliko click-ova instalira Linux operativni sistem, ali to ne znači da je taj neko sada i admin.

Linux/UNIX оperativnim sistemima se bavim nekih 15-tak godina. Vrlo dobro se sećam kada se 1 (jedan) server pripremao po nekoliko dana. Izvlačio se maksimum iz svakog delića mašine i njenih resursa. Svojevremeno smo se utrkivali ko će bolje da optimizuje kernel, da static kernel bude ispod 220kb (da kilobajta), primenjivali su se različiti security patchevi, … Danas, više ni ne znaju koliko megabajta je kernel. Optimizovao se svaki servis koji pruža ta mašina, koristile su se specijalne biblioteke, različite vrste configure opcija, svaki servis bio je chroot-ovan ili jail-ovan, particije su kreirane po svakom servisu, pisani su vrlo kvalitetni firewall-ovi specifični za servise, sistem se bre znao u “prste”, znao sam kako “diše” server. Testirao se svaki servis da bi se izabrao odgovarajući daemon koji će isti vršiti, znalo se da se sendmail odmah menja sa qmail-om, postfix-om … Znalo se da na mašini ne sme biti suid-a, radio se checksum fajlova, primenjivali su se specijalni kontrolni moduli za bolju kontrolu sistema,… Pratile su se mailing liste za svaki servis koji se koristi na sistemu, od developer do user grupa. Drugim rečima iskorišćenje sistema bilo je maksimalno a security je bio na zavidnom nivou, naravno ne savršen ali prokleto dobar. Rezultat? Uptime na serverima po 2-3 godine, nikad haknuti (bar ne da smo znali :) ) ali šta su te 486-ice, prvi Pentium-i, SUN-ovi i SGi-evi gurali tada, kad bi neko pravio poređenje … ehhh, ta nostalgija.

A danas? Danas se jako slabo ceni takva optimizacija, a opet svi viču “virtuelizuj! konsoliduj! optimizuj!”. Po meni je to paradox. Zapošljavaju se tzv. administratori koji su radili par meseci sa linux-0m i koji misle da znaju šta znači postaviti, podesiti, optimizovati i obezbediti neki servis ili server. I onda se poredi ko je uradio više po tome koliki je broj servera ili servisa instaliran i podešen za XYZ vremena. Štancuju se virtuelne mašine, da ne kažem kloniraju, kao tobože se vrši konsolidacija i iskorišćenje resursa, a da ti ljudi ni ne znaju kako to funkcioniše jer svo vreme koriste GUI. Naravno današnji multi core procesori i nikad jeftinija memorija će gurati i žvakati takve by-default instalirane sisteme, ali gde je tu kvalitet? Kad se pomene exploit(i), ovi tzv. admin-i ne znaju ni šta je to, a kamoli kako isti funkcionišu, što se njih tiče, dovoljno je postaviti par linija u hosts.(deny|allow) ili eventualno podići default SLES/RH/CentOS firewall i to je to, što se bezbednosti tiče. Tužno, ali istinito. Moram naravno da se složim sa činjenicom da je sada mnogo jednostavnije koristiti Linux i generalno UNIX, ali to ne znači da svako može sebi da okači titulu linux/unix sistem administratora samo zato što je par puta instalirao isti.

Luka Gerzic Linux/BSD, Lično, Razno , , ,

ibm skraćenice – terminologija

October 22nd, 2009
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IBM je poznat po tome da poseduje svoju terminologiju i skraćenice za iste stvari za koje drugi proizvođači koriste standardne nazive. Ovo je (delimični) spisak tih skraćenica koji ću vremenom proširivati kako mi koja skraćenica “padne pod ruku”. Deo skraćenica nije IBM-ov ali ih isti često koristi pa su i one navedene.

  • AIX – Advanced Interactive Executive (IBM’s implementation of the UNIX Operating System)
  • DASD – Direct Access Storage Device. (IBM’s term for a hard disk)
  • DDM – Disk Drive Module (IBM’s term for a hard disk)
  • RISC – Reduced Instruction Set Computer
  • HMC – Hardware Management Console
  • SPNC – System Power Control Network
  • MCM – Multi Chip Module
  • DCM – Dual Chip Module
  • CEC – Central Electronic Complex
  • CPC – Cluster Processor Complex
  • ASMI – Advanced System Management Interface
  • WebSM – Web based System Manager
  • PPAR – Physical Partition
  • LPAR – Logical Partition
  • LIC – Licensed Internal Code
  • LMB – Logical Memory Block
  • DLPAR – Dynamic Logical Partitioning
  • WPAR – Workload Partition
  • NIM – Network Installation Manager
  • BOS – Base Operating System
  • POST – Power on Self Test
  • SMIT – System Management Interface Tool
  • LPP – Licensed Program Products
  • ODM – Object Data Manager
  • RSPC – PowerPC Reference Platform
  • CHRP – Common Hardware Reference Platform
  • BLV – Boot Logical Volume
  • LVM – Logical Volume Manager
  • VGDA – Volume Group Descriptor Area
  • VGSA – Volume Group Status Area
  • LVCB – Logical Volume Control Block
  • HACMP – High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing
  • MWC – Mirror Write Consistency
  • SRC – System Resource Controller
  • NDAF – Network Data Facillity
  • LMT – Lightweight Memory Trace
  • RTEC – Real Time Error Checking
  • VMM – Virtual Memory Manager
  • IPC – Inter Process Communication
  • PSMD – Page Size Management Daemon
  • MPIO – Multi Path IO
  • PCM – Path Control Module
  • FFDC – First Failure Data Capture
  • HPM – Hardware Performance Monitor
  • PURR – Processor Utilization Resource Register
  • SPURR – Scaled Processor Utilization Resource Register
  • MLS – Multi Level Security (Trusted AIX)
  • APAR – Authorized Program Analysis Report
  • CKD – Count Key Data (zSeries)
  • DFSMS – Data Facility Storage Management System
  • ESCON – Enterprise System Connection
  • EPO – Emergency Power Off
  • FICON – Fibre Channel Connection
  • FC-AL – Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop
  • FRU – Field Replaceable Unit
  • GDPS – Geographically Dispersed Parallel Sysplex
  • HCD – Hardware Configuration Data
  • IML – Initial Microcode Load
  • IPL – Initial Program Load
  • LSS – Logical Sub System
  • MAP – maintenance analysis procedure
  • MLC – Machine Level Control
  • MRPD – Machine Reported Product Data
  • MES – miscellaneous equipment specification
  • MTBF – mean time between failures
  • SDD – Subsystem Multipathing Device Driver
  • VPD – Vital Product Data
  • WWNP – worldwide port name
  • WWNN – worldwide node name

Luka Gerzic AIX, IBM P Serija, Storage , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

lquerypv disk info

October 21st, 2009
2 comments

Standardna komanda pod AIX-om ili VIOS-om da bi videli PVID je lspv i ona daje sledeći output:

# lspv
hdisk0          00c4a37f807b71bf                    rootvg          active
hdisk1          00c4a37f068cab36                    dvg             active
hdisk2          00c4a38f49fe2904                    bvg             active
hdisk3          00c4a37f4d58c8d7                    bvg             active

# lspv hdisk0
PHYSICAL VOLUME:    hdisk0                   VOLUME GROUP:     rootvg
PV IDENTIFIER:      00c4a37f807b71bf VG IDENTIFIER     00c4a37f00004c000000012385c79fec
PV STATE:           active                                     
STALE PARTITIONS:   0                        ALLOCATABLE:      yes
PP SIZE:            64 megabyte(s)           LOGICAL VOLUMES:  10
TOTAL PPs:          799 (51136 megabytes)    VG DESCRIPTORS:   2
FREE PPs:           174 (11136 megabytes)    HOT SPARE:        no
USED PPs:           625 (40000 megabytes)    MAX REQUEST:      256 kilobytes
FREE DISTRIBUTION:  14..00..00..00..160                        
USED DISTRIBUTION:  146..160..159..160..00

Istu informaciju možemo dobiti i preko ODM-a:

# odmget -q "name=hdisk0" CuAt
CuAt:
 name = "hdisk0"
 attribute = "unique_id"
 value = "3520200B75M0861101407210790003IBMfcp05VDASD03AIXvscsi"
 type = "R"
 generic = ""
 rep = "n"
 nls_index = 0

CuAt:
 name = "hdisk0"
 attribute = "pvid"
 value = "00c4a37f807b71bf0000000000000000"
 type = "R"
 generic = "D"
 rep = "s"
 nls_index = 11

Ili preko lsattr-a:

# lsattr -El hdisk0
PCM             PCM/friend/vscsi                 Path Control Module        False
algorithm       fail_over                        Algorithm                  True
hcheck_cmd      test_unit_rdy                    Health Check Command       True
hcheck_interval 0                                Health Check Interval      True
hcheck_mode     nonactive                        Health Check Mode          True
max_transfer    0x40000                          Maximum TRANSFER Size      True
pvid            00c4a37f807b71bf0000000000000000 Physical volume identifier False
queue_depth     3                                Queue DEPTH                True
reserve_policy  no_reserve                       Reserve Policy             True

Ali postoji i jedna nedokumentovana komanda koja će isčitati informaciju direktno sa fizičkog diska:

# lquerypv -h /dev/hdisk0
00000000   C9C2D4C1 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
00000010   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
00000020   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
00000030   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
00000040   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
00000050   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
00000060   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
00000070   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
00000080   00C4A37F 807B71BF 00000000 00000000  |.....{q.........|
00000090   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
000000A0   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
000000B0   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
000000C0   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
000000D0   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
000000E0   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|
000000F0   00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  |................|

Sa parametrima 80 10 možemo dobiti samo deo sa PVID-em:

# lquerypv -h /dev/hdisk0 80 10
00000080   00C4A37F 807B71BF 00000000 00000000  |.....{q.........|
#

Komanda lquerypv može biti zgodna ako želite da uporedite da li vam se slažu PVID-evi na VIOS-u i na samom host-u kome ste dodelili diskove preko VIOS-a. To bi UVEK trebalo da budu isti PVID-evi, međutim može da se desi da isti budu različiti (što nije dobro), a još gore je ako vam ova komanda ne vraća ništa, jer ako lquerypv ne može da pročita informaciju sa diska nijedan drugi program neće moći. Ova komanda nije dokumentovana od strane IBM-a i nepostoji manual za nju, ali ona standardno dolazi uz AIX.

Luka Gerzic AIX , , , ,

IBM DS8700

October 19th, 2009
No comments

IBM forum 2009 koji se održao danas u hotelu Hyatt Regency (Beograd) prezentovan (mislim da mogu reći premijerno) novi enterprajz storage IBM DS8700. Zanimljivo je da su predviđanja iz marta 2009-te godine o kojima sam govorio u svom blog-u na temu  “DS8000 novosti za 1Q 2009” sada inkorporirane u novi DS8700 enterprajz storage. O ovome je špekulisao i The Register u julu ove godine.

Novi DS8700 dolaziće sa novim kontrolerima koji su bazirani na novim P6 procesorima (za keširanje), bržim I/O-om, disk enkripcijom ugrađenom direktno u diskove, podrškom sa SSD diskove (o čemu sam takođe govorio već). Uostalom slike uvek govore više od 100 reči. Evo slajdova sa prezentacije:

Luka Gerzic Storage , , , ,

AIX bash

October 15th, 2009
1 comment

Default shell pod AIX-om ume ponekad da bude kontra produktivan, pogotovu ako ste navikli na neke prečice koje ste do sad koristili. Evo kratkog uputstva kako da namestite bash pod AIX-om.

Najbolje bi bilo da instalirate AIX Linux Toolkit koji ste dobili uz AIX, ali ako isti nemate nije problem. Pakete možete skinuti sa sledeće lokacije: ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/freeSoftware/aixtoolbox/RPMS/ppc/. Zvanični info o IBM AIX Linux Toolkit-u možete pronaći na zvaničnom IBM sajtu. Ono što nama treba su 2 paketa iz sledećih direktorijuma:

ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/freeSoftware/aixtoolbox/RPMS/ppc/bash/

ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/freeSoftware/aixtoolbox/RPMS/ppc/coreutils/

Posle instalacije RPM paketa, potrebno je izmeniti sledeće:

u direktorijumu /etc/security izmenite fajl login.cfg tako da sadrži sledeće:

default:
        sak_enabled = false
        logintimes =
        logindisable = 0
        logininterval = 0
        loginreenable = 0
        logindelay = 0

usw:
        shells = /bin/sh,/usr/bin/bash,<itd ...>
        maxlogins = 32767
        logintimeout = 60
        auth_type = STD_AUTH

Zatim izmeni shell za korisnika root (ili već ko želi bash shell):

# lsuser -a shell root
 root shell=/usr/bin/ksh
# chuser shell=/usr/bin/bash root 
# lsuser -a shell root
 root shell=/usr/bin/bash
# echo "alias ls='/usr/linux/bin/ls --color'" >> ~/.profile

I to je to, nameštanje prompt-a i ostalih bash zezalica prepuštam vama. Sa ovim ste dobili radni bash shell, i “obojene” direktorijume kao na linux konzoli.

Luka Gerzic AIX , , , , , ,

Preuzimanje audio kanala iz flash player-a

October 6th, 2009
No comments

Recimo da želite da “skinete” neko predavanje koje ste slušali preko web browser-a iz flash player-a (koga ja to lažem?), tj hteli ste da skinete neku pesmu koje nema na torentu a vrti se na nekom sajtu iz flash player-a (youtube/myspace/facebook?), evo kako to možete da uradite:

Ako koristite pulseaudio, onda je ovo vrlo jednostavno. Potrebno vam je nekoliko alata, prvo treba vam pactl (Control a running PulseAudio sound server), zatim pacat (Play back or record raw audio streams on a PulseAudio sound server). Prvo potrebno je da otkrijete gde je stream koji ćete maznuti:

$ pactl list | grep -A2 ‘Source #’ | grep ‘Name: .*\.monitor$’ | cut -d” ” -f2
alsa_output.pci_8086_284b_sound_card_0_alsa_playback_0.monitor

Sve što onda treba da uradite jeste da pripremite sledeću “kobaju”:

$ parec –device=alsa_output.pci_8086_284b_sound_card_0_alsa_playback_0.monitor –format=s16le –rate=44100 –channels=2 | sox –type raw -s2L –rate 44100 –channels 2 – –type wav “Ime Izvođača – Neka pesma.wav”

Pustite audio/video zapis u vašem browser-u i okinite komandu iznad. Kad se audio/video zapis završi prekinite gornju komandu sa CTRL+C. Dobićete u radnom direktorijumu nekompresovani raw wav fajl koji možete kompresovati u mp3 na sledeći način:

$ lame -b 256 “Ime Izvođača – Neka pesma.wav” “Ime Izvođača – Neka pesma.mp3″
LAME 3.98 32bits (http://www.mp3dev.org/)
CPU features: MMX (ASM used), SSE (ASM used), SSE2
Using polyphase lowpass filter, transition band: 19383 Hz – 19916 Hz
Encoding Ime Izvođača – Neka pesma.wav to Ime Izvođača – Neka pesma.mp3
Encoding as 44.1 kHz j-stereo MPEG-1 Layer III (5.5x) 256 kbps qval=3
Frame          |  CPU time/estim | REAL time/estim | play/CPU |    ETA
10633/10633 (100%)|    0:14/    0:14|    0:15/    0:15|   18.921x|    0:00
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————–
kbps        LR    MS  %     long switch short %
256.0       53.0  47.0        95.7   2.7   1.7
Writing LAME Tag…done
ReplayGain: -2.5dB

I to je to. Dobili ste mp3 fajl u istom radnom direktorijumu. Uživajte.

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